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In 1997 all Marines regardless of age were required to take the PFT and the sit-up was changed to an abdominal crunch. In 1996 the 1.5-mile run for females was changed to the three-mile run and the pull-up was modified to a dead-hang (no kipping) for males. Early forms of the modern PFT began in 1972 for males <46 years of age (pull-ups, sit-ups, three-mile run) and in 1975 for females <46 years of age (flexed arm hang, sit-ups, 1.5-mile run). The USMC’s Physical Fitness Test (PFT) has gone through many changes in scope including modifications for: certain ranks, age, and gender by 1971. Research by retired Colonel McGuire ( 13) indicates that the USMC began using physical fitness testing in the early 1900s. The USMC’s creation was to augment naval forces during the Revolutionary War ( 36), today the USMC has grown to be one of the most effective fighting forces on the planet with assets spanning the entire globe.

The USMC’s origins have been traced and established to Philadelphia in Novemat Tun Tavern on Water Street. The origins and history of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) have been well documented. Within the parameters of this study, PFT and CFT event scores demonstrated no to moderate correlations suggesting that different fitness characteristics are being assessed and supports the need for both the PFT and CFT assessments. Other correlations between variables yielded “no to low” association but were also significant due to the large sample size. Moderate significant (p<0.01) correlations were found between: the PFT total and MTC (r=−0.47), PFT total and MANUF (r=−0.42), PFT total and CFT total (r=0.50), RUN and MTC (r=0.46), RUN and CFT total (r=−0.43), & PU and CFT total (r=0.41). Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated between the PFT and CFT total scores as well as individual events. The PFT and CFT scores from 19,678 active duty enlisted USMC males (age 22.5☑.3 years, height 1.77☐.07 m, body mass 79.4☑0.3 kg) were analyzed. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine the degree of relationships between PFT (PU, AC, RUN, and total) and CFT (MTC, AL, MANUF, and total) scores of active duty Marines. It is of interest to determine if the PFT and CFT are both necessary. The CFT also involves three events Movement to Contact (MTC), two-minute Ammunition Lift (AL), and Maneuver-Under-Fire (MANUF). The PFT involves three events pull-ups/push-ups (PU), two-minute abdominal crunches/sit-ups (AC), and a timed three-mile run (RUN). The United States Marines Corps (USMC) have installed a Physical Fitness Test (PFT) to measure physical fitness levels and a Combat Fitness Test (CFT) to assess a Marine’s functional fitness as it relates to the demands of combat operations.